The Composition and Principle Of Hydraulic Pump

The hydraulic pump is the power component of the hydraulic system. It is driven by an engine or an electric motor, sucks oil from the hydraulic oil tank, forms the pressure oil and discharges it, and sends it to the actuator. Hydraulic pumps are divided into gear pumps, plunger pumps, vane pumps, and screw pumps according to their structure.

Introduction

A hydraulic component that provides pressurized liquid for hydraulic transmission, is a type of pump. Its function is to convert the mechanical energy of power machines (such as electric motors and internal combustion engines) into liquid pressure energy. There are many factors affecting the service life of the hydraulic pump, in addition to the design and manufacturing factors of the pump itself, the selection of some components related to the use of the pump (such as couplings, oil filters, etc.), and the operation during the commissioning process are also related.

The working principle of the hydraulic pump is that the movement brings about a change in the volume of the pump cavity, thereby compressing the fluid so that the fluid has pressure energy.

The necessary condition is that there is a change in the sealing volume of the pump cavity.

Classification

Common types of hydraulic pumps:

According to whether the flow can be adjusted, it can be divided into variable pump and quantitative pump. The output flow can be adjusted according to the needs called a variable pump, the flow can not be adjusted called a quantitative pump.

The pump structure commonly used in hydraulic systems, is divided into three types: gear pump, vane pump, and plunger pump.

Gear pump: small in volume, simple in structure, less strict on oil cleanliness, and cheaper; but the pump shaft is subject to unbalanced force, serious wear, and large leakage.

Vane pump: divided into double-acting vane pump and single-acting vane pump. This kind of pump has uniform flow, stable operation, low noise, higher working pressure and volumetric efficiency than a gear pump, and a more complicated structure than a gear pump.

The internal structure of the hydraulic pump

Plunger pump: high volumetric efficiency, small leakage, can work under high pressure, mostly used in high-power hydraulic systems; but the complex structure, high requirements for materials and processing accuracy, high price, and high requirements for oil cleanliness.

Piston pumps are generally used when gear pumps and vane pumps cannot meet the requirements. There are some other forms of hydraulic pumps, such as screw pumps, etc., but the application is not as common as the above three.

Features

Made of aluminum alloy, high strength, corrosion resistance, lightweight, and suitable for operation in various environments.

The two-speed feature reduces the number of times of pressing, and the low-pressure chamber is quickly load-utilizing, and immediately converts to high-pressure, shortening each operation cycle.

Equipped with a pressure regulating valve, which can adjust the control and set the working pressure. composition

Working principle of hydraulic pump

It is a hydraulic component that provides pressurized liquid for hydraulic transmission and is a type of pump. Its function is to convert the mechanical energy of power machines (such as electric motors and internal combustion engines) into the pressure energy of liquids. The picture shows the working principle of a single plunger pump. The cam is rotated by the motor. When the cam pushes the plunger to move upward, the sealing volume formed by the plunger and the cylinder is reduced, and the oil is squeezed out from the sealing volume and discharged to the required place through the one-way valve. When the cam rotates to the descending part of the curve, the spring forces the plunger downward to form a certain degree of vacuum, and the oil in the oil tank enters the sealing volume under the action of atmospheric pressure. The cam makes the plunger rise and fall continuously, the sealing volume decreases and increases periodically, and the pump continuously absorbs and discharges oil.

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