Components of the Lubrication System

The main components of the lubrication system are the oil pump, oil filter, various valves, oil radiator, and inspection equipment.

Oil Pump

The function of the oil pump is to increase the oil pressure and ensure the continuous circulation of the oil in the lubrication system. Currently, two types of oil pumps are widely used in engine lubrication systems: external gear oil pumps and internal rotor oil pumps.

Oil Filter

When the engine is working, metal wear debris, dust in the atmosphere, and carbon particles produced by incomplete combustion of fuel will penetrate the oil, and the oil itself will also produce colloidal deposits due to thermal oxidation. Suppose such dirty oil is sent directly to the surface of the moving parts. In that case, the mechanical impurities in the oil will become abrasives, which will accelerate the wear of the parts, and cause blockage of the oil passages and cementation of parts such as piston rings and valves. Therefore, an oil filter must be installed in the lubrication system, so that the circulating oil can be purified before being sent to the surface of the moving parts, to ensure good lubrication of the friction surface and prolong its service life.

Pressure Limiting Valve and Bypass Valve

In the lubrication system - there are generally several pressure-limiting valves and bypass valves to ensure the normal operation of the lubrication system.

The pressure limiting valve is used to limit the maximum pressure of the oil in the lubrication system. The pressure of the oil pumped by the oil pump must be appropriate. If the pressure is too low, it is not easy to press the oil against the friction surface causing poor lubrication; if the pressure is too high, too much oil will be sprayed between the piston and the cylinder wall, which will penetrate the combustion chamber and cause poor lubrication. It will cause serious carbon deposition and waste oil and even damage the oil pipe oil pressure gauge sensor, and other parts in serious cases. When the engine is working, the oil pressure of the oil pump increases with the increase of the engine speed, and when the oil circuit in the lubrication system is blocked, the gland between the bearings is too small, or the viscosity of the oil used is too large, the oil supply pressure will also increase.

Therefore, there are pressure-limiting valves in the oil pump and main oil passage of the lubrication system to limit the maximum pressure of the oil to ensure safety. The common pressure limiting valves are plunger type and steel ball type.

Oil Dipstick, Oil Pressure Gauge

The oil dipstick is used to check the oil level and oil level in the oil pan. It is a metal rod, the lower end is made flat and has a score line. The oil will be consumed when the forklift is running. To keep the engine running normally, be sure to check the oil level regularly.

When checking the oil level, you must park the car on a level road, turn off the engine, and wait for a few minutes. After all the standby oil has flowed back into the oil pan, pull out the oil dipstick, wipe off the oil stain with a clean cloth, and insert it again. Pull it out again to accurately measure the oil level. machine

The oil level must be between the upper and lower lines on the dipstick.

The oil pressure gauge is used to indicate the oil pressure in the lubrication system when the engine is working. Generally, an electric heating oil pressure gauge is used, which consists of an oil pressure gauge and a sensor, and is connected by a wire in the middle. The sensor is installed on the strainer or the main oil passage,

It transmits the sensed oil pressure to the oil pressure gauge. The oil pressure gauge is installed on the dashboard in the cab to display the value of the oil pressure.

Crankcase Ventilation Device

When the engine is working, a part of the combustible mixture and exhaust gas will leak into the crankcase through the piston rings, and the gasoline vapor in it will condense, which will make the lubricating oil thinner; at the same time, the high temperature of the exhaust gas and the acidic substances and water vapor in the exhaust gas will erode Parts, and make the performance of the lubricating oil worse: In addition, because the mixture and exhaust gas enter the crankcase, the pressure in the crankcase increases, the temperature rises, and the oil is easy to leak from the oil seals, gaskets, etc. For this reason, the general forklift engine has a crankcase ventilation device, so that the mixed gas and exhaust gas entering the crankcase can be extracted in time so that fresh gas can enter the crankcase and form constant convection. There are generally two types of crankcase ventilation, one is natural ventilation and the other is forced ventilation.

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