The Composition of The Forklift
Internal combustion forklifts are generally composed of three major parts: power unit, chassis and working unit.
Power Unit
The power plant used by the internal combustion forklift includes two parts: the power system and the electrical system. The power system is divided into gasoline engine, diesel engine and liquid petroleum gas engine. Diesel engine are more complicated, it includes many engine spare parts.
Common internal combustion forklifts have the above three types of engines. Off-road forklifts are generally powered by diesel engines, and battery forklifts are powered by batteries and electric motors.
Chassis
The forklift chassis includes four parts: transmission system, walking system, steering system and braking system.
1) Transmission system
The transmission system of forklifts includes mechanical, hydro-mechanical and hydrostatic types. Small forklifts are mostly mechanical, large and medium-sized forklifts are mostly hydro-mechanical, and off-road forklifts are mostly hydrostatic.
2) Walking system
The walking system parts also called forklift drive system parts includes the frame, the fork suspension, the cockpit, the roof guard and other parts. It connects the various assemblies and components of the vehicle into a whole; supports the entire weight, absorbs vibration, Soften shocks and transmit various forces and moments. The frame is divided into integral type and waist type. Ordinary forklifts are mostly integral and off-road forklifts are mostly folded.
3) Steering system
The steering system of the flat forklift includes mechanical, hydraulic and full hydraulic. With the development of science and technology, most of the forklifts currently use hydraulic power and full hydraulic.
4) Braking system
Braking system includes mechanical, hydraulic, vacuum booster and pneumatic type. Small and medium-sized forklifts mostly use hydraulic type, larger forklifts mostly use vacuum hydraulic booster type, and off-road forklifts use pneumatic type.
Working equipment
The working device of the forklift includes three parts: the gantry system, the hydraulic system and the attachment system parts.
1) Mast system
The forklift gantry system is the main characteristic mechanism that is different from other construction machinery. It is used to bear all the weight of the goods, and complete the operations of fork picking, handling, lifting, destacking and palletizing of the goods.
2) Hydraulic system
Forklift hydraulic system usually consists of oil pump , oil cylinder, reversing valve, diverter valve, oil and fuel tank. The power is transmitted to the gantry system through the oil to achieve the purpose of loading and unloading goods.
3) Attachment system
With the advancement of technology and people's pursuit of work efficiency, the use of special attachments for forklifts is becoming more and more common, and there are more and more types. Front and rear) Sports accessories, special accessories for special goods, etc. It greatly expands the use range of forklifts and greatly improves the efficiency of material loading, unloading and handling.